Research output

Publications

Selected papers, preprints, and conference contributions related to the project.

Showing 12 of 34 publications
Publication2026

A Quadratic Lens on Muon's Polar Update: Benefits, Pitfalls, and the Role of Newton-Schulz

E Shulgin, S Laing, A Orvieto, P Richtárik

Muon updates matrix-valued parameters along approximately orthogonalized directions and often trains large language models faster than AdamW, yet it remains unclear when and …

Publication2026

Amortizing Scaling Law Construction Costs

AK Jha, DA Onuţu, N Mallik, S Haldar, S Laing…

Scaling laws guide the design choices for training large foundation models, but deriving them involves training an exhaustive grid over hyperparameters, token budgets, and parameter …

Publication2026

Benchmarks Are Surprisingly Compaction-Friendly

J Salle, H Bhatnagar, M Bethge, S Abdelnabi…

Long horizon agentic tasks are now pushing LLM agents past their context window. To continue the task, the agent scaffold has to free up the context window, a process known as …

Publication2026

Can humans dream of electric sheep? human-written samples for fine-grained vision-and-language hallucination benchmarking

T Mickus, C Savelli, E Calò, E Raimond, S Frank…

In an age of rapid model turnover, how do we make hallucination evaluation more perennial? We explore whether human-written hallucination samples could take the place of model-…

Publication2026

Complex KDA: Understanding and Enhancing the Expressivity of Kimi Delta Attention

J Siems, R Grazzi, K Pöppel, J Singh, A Zela…

Linear RNNs based on the delta-rule enable efficient sequence modeling, but their linear updates with a low-rank correction constrain their expressivity. Prior work has shown that …

Publication2026

CUS-QA: Local-Knowledge-Oriented Open-Ended Question Answering Dataset

J Libovický, J Helcl, AA Manea…

We introduce CUS-QA, a benchmark for evaluation of open-ended regional question answering that encompasses both textual and visual modalities. We also provide strong baselines …

Publication2026

Denseon with the lateon: Fully open dense and late-interaction models for multilingual, long-context, and code search

R Sourty, A Chaffin, PRM Junior…

State-of-the-art retrieval models increasingly rely on closed training data, creating a reproducibility gap. We present an open end-to-end recipe for training retrieval models and study …

Publication2026

Deriving Scaling Laws for OpenEuroLLM Models: Learning Rate, Batch Size and Loss

N Ajroldi, DA Onutu, H Al-Tahan, J Franke…

We study the scaling behavior of learning rate and batch size in pretraining dense large language models on English-prevalent corpora. Beyond scaling jointly optimal learning rates …

Publication2026

How to Evaluate When You Don't Know How to Evaluate? Choosing Reliable Setups for Base Language Model Benchmarking

S Qian, D Samuel, J Helcl, A Kutuzov…

Evaluation of large language models (LLMs) remains largely pre-scientific: it involves many design decisions, with little guidance on how to make them. These choices can substantially …

Publication2026

HPLT3-PerRef: A Refined Large-Scale Persian Web Corpus via Supervised Document Quality Filtering

A Razzaghi, T Galica, E Henriksson…

Large-scale web corpora are valuable resources for natural language processing (NLP), linguistic research, and language model training, particularly for digitally low-resource …

Publication2026

Instability of LLM Pre-Pretraining: It Doesn't Always Help. An Investigation on Multiple Languages

S Riazhskykh, N Luu, O Bojar

Pretraining LLMs on artificial languages ("pre-pretraining") is a technique that could reportedly increase token efficiency by 33%, ie, save up to 33% of training tokens needed to reach a …

Publication2026

Is educational content enough? The linguistic and thematic effects of educational filtering

U Kunnas, V Laippala, S Pyysalo…

Corpus filtering strategies have evolved steadily, leading to increasingly effective data selection techniques that improve downstream LLM performance. However, while most filters …